Stranger Critical Essay free essay sample

This nonfiction story begins with the main character, Meursault, attending his mother’s funeral. As the story proceeds, Meursault befriends a man and becomes involved in something that will cost him his life. Camus portrays the meaninglessness of human life through the attitudes and lifestyle of Meursault. Camus uses a number of different elements of style to convey his message. Three elements of style that show Meursault’s plain indifference to life are contrast, point of view, and characterization. As the elements of the novel are discussed, the theme of Camus will become clear. Camus uses contrast to make evident Meursault’s prospective on life. Camus cleverly contrasts Meursault to other major characters in The Stranger. These characters include Perez, Raymond, and Marie. Thomas Perez is an old man who is teased for being Madam Meursault’s â€Å"fiance. † Perez took Madam Meursault’s death very hard. He struggled in his old age to walk to the burial site and is described to be shedding tears of frustration and exhaustion. We will write a custom essay sample on Stranger Critical Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The normal response to death is shown in Perez’ reaction, which is heartache and mourning. Meursault did not cry at his mother’s funeral. He did not even know the age of his own mother. Meursault’s main concern was the heat and sleeping. There is a sharp contrast in the emotional responses of Perez and Meursault in regards to this death. Raymond Sintes is Meursault’s neighbor. Raymond considers Meursault his pal, and they develop a somewhat involved friendship. Raymond’s aggression is a character trait that contrasts Meursault’s indifference. Raymond is angry that his mistress cheated on him, and in one chapter he is confronted by the police for beating her. This one example of Raymond’s aggression is enough to show how different Meursault was from him. Meursault does not seem to show any kind of emotional reaction to most things that happen to him, including anger. Marie Cardona is the women that Meursault is in a â€Å"relationship† with. Marie had plans for their future, while Meursault did not. In one of their conversations, Meursault says, â€Å" she pointed out that marriage was a serious thing. I said, â€Å"No. † She stopped talking for a minute and looked at me without saying anything. † (42). Marie wants to marry Meursault, but from this quote it is obvious that Meursault does not care about marriage. Marie’s feelings for Meursault distinctly contrast his feelings for her. All of these examples of contrast portray Camus’ overall theme that life is meaningless to Meursault. Point of view is another element of style that Camus utilizes to express the meaningless of life. This novel is written in limited first person point of view. Meursault speaks mostly of his own thoughts and prospectives on things. For example, during Meursault’s trial, he lets the reader know that he gets bored very quickly with the prosecutor’s speech. We know Meursault’s thoughts on all the things he encounters in the book. However, Meursault does not try to understand the thoughts or prospective of other characters. In other words, his point of view is subjective. Take for instance, Salamano. At one point in the novel, Salamano loses his dog. He is found waiting outside Meursault’s door, wanting to speak with him. Through their dialogue, Meursault lets the reader know that he does not care how Salamano feels as a result of losing his companion. While sitting in his apartment room with Salamano, Meursault says, â€Å"He was getting on my nerves a little, but I didn’t have anything to do and I didn’t feel sleepy. Just for something to say, I asked him about his dog. † (44). Meursault never shows genuine concern for other characters facing problems in the story. Although he was willing to talk to Salamano, he only offered him shallow empathy, if any. Meursault’s point of view can also be described as detached rather than involved. Meursault does not really care about anything he is involved in, and it is therefore made known through his prospective. We know that Meursault is detached in the relationships he has with other characters, like Marie for example. Marie goes to visit Meursault when he is in prison. Through his narration of what is going on all around him, it is obvious that he is detached from Marie. Therefore, Camus uses point of view to convey a central message of the novel. Camus takes advantage of characterization to portray the theme of the meaninglessness of life. Meursault remains a static character whose actions, personality and motivation all reflect this theme. Meursault’s actions on the day after the funeral come back to condemn him in the days of his trial. The prosecutor uses the facts of his ignorance towards his own mother’s age, the comedy he saw with Marie, swimming and taking Marie home afterwards to depict Meursault as being careless in his actions. His carelessness ties directly in with his emotionless personality. Meursault never shows sadness for the passing of his mother, or remorse for murdering the Arab. His stolid personality is only natural considering his sheer lack of motivation. This is seen in Meursault’s disinterest in the job offer of moving to Paris and in potentially strengthening his relationship with Marie. Meursault never changes throughout the novel. He remains a static character. When he is faced with the realities of death, he does not change his stance on the important of life. At the end of the novel, while still in his cell, Meursault says to himself, â€Å"Well, so I’m going to die. Sooner than other people will obviously. But everyone knows life isn’t worth living. (114). These examples of Meursault’s characterization plainly convey the Camus’ message to the reader. Through the use of various elements of style, such as contrast, point of view, and characterization, Camus strongly communicates his message of the meaningless of life. His purpose in conveying this message is not very worthwhile. Generally, not many people can connect with Meursault and his ways of life. Saying that life is meaningless is not meaningful to anyone. In conclusion, the general truth of this novel is that it does not apply to the majority of people who read it.

Writing Spaces Where to Write Why it Actually Matters

Writing Spaces Where to Write Why it Actually Matters Writing Spaces: Where to Write Why it Actually Matters You know that writers writebut did you know your writing spaces matters significantly?You’re a writer when you put your pen on your paper and create words that combine together to form a sentence. You’re a writer when you stroke the keyboard and type out an email. You’re a writer when you comment on a Facebook post.The fact is, you’re a writer whenever and wherever you add anything in writing in a physical or virtual location- but especially if youre writing a book.But where should you write? What makes a great writing space? And how do you create one?Heres what well cover about your writing space:Writing spaces at homeWriting spaces outside of the houseWhere to writeUtilize at-home writing spaces alwaysBlock out noise with headphonesSet a timer in your writing spaceWrite in the same placeWriting space tips from famous authorsRead on, my friend.You’re going to learn about my favorite writing spaces and tools for where to write and creating a writing space.NOTE: We cover everything in this blog post and much more about the writing, marketing, and publishing process in our VIP Self-Publishing Program. Learn more about it hereWriting Spaces at HomeCreating a writing space at home is not difficult and can generally be done without spending a lot of money. I am lucky enough to have my own writing office, but even without that, you can still create a space that is just for you and your writing.Here are a few tips to start building your writing space:Clear off the corner of your table. (It might mean that you throw away the mountain of mail you’ve been meaning to open or you finally put your laundry away, but a corner of a table will do just fine for this).Find a paper and pencil, pen and notepad, or a computer.Put your tools in that space and you’ve built a writing space.Tell your kids, your significant other, or your cat (although best of luck on training the feline) that this is your space and it is protected in a ma gical bubble where only you are allowed!Now, you have a writing space where you can do what writers do, write.If you have a small budget (less than $100) to set up a writing space, you can scour buy, sell, trade groups for small writing desks. My husband found this gem of a writing desk for $75 on a local Facebook swap site.I use it to journal during my morning routine (don’t forget to check out Chandler’s morning routine video) and outline things with good old-fashioned pen and paper.Once my brain dumping to my journal is finished, I often transition to a more standardized office desk where I have my computer set up.So if your budget is a little higher, between $300 $500, you can buy an office desk from a used furniture store and get a nice desk, with delivery and set-up.This helps you feel like you’re in more of a work mode and will be able to get things donePerhaps you have a grand budget to use. You can go to a higher-end furniture store and buy a cherry o r an oak desk for $1000-$2000. But, it is absolutely not necessary.So, if you have have as little as $0 or as much as $2000+ dollars to spend, you can set up a writing space at home for you to meet your daily writing goals.Where to Write Outside of Your HomeAnywhere!Really, anywhere? Sure, you can go anywhere to write. I have some places that I recommend and some places that I would stay away from, but you can write anywhere.Most writers have a favorite coffee shop. I have three. I love writing at a chain coffee shop when I need a little more background noise. It helps me zone into my rough draft writing and I work well when I am surrounded by others, coffee in hand, and can dedicate my time to writing. There’s also an independent coffee shop that I enjoy going to.During NaNoWriMo we had some of our write-ins there. I love that it was designed so that at any table there is a spot where we can plug in our devices and type away.I find this particularly useful when I am needing some motivation from being around other creatives, as there’s also a wall of art that changes frequently. Finally, I really like a pay-it-forward cafe that has a community table where I can go when I need to concentrate on editing. Sometimes the different niches help me out the most so that I can focus on doing what writers do write!Here are some ideas for writing spaces outside our home:The libraryA museumA parkA dinerYour backyardYour front or back porchIt will depend on what you’re writing though as to which works the best.Anywhere that you can go with your notebook, computer, or your phone is a location that you can write.So, there you have it! You can write anywhere that you can take a writing device.These are my overall recommended writing spaces:An area of your home, dedicated to writingA local coffee shopA libraryA MuseumA parkA shared officeThe beachA friends houseA dinerAnywhere that you can take a writing deviceWhich Online Writing Spaces to UseOn a noteboo k, a computer, a phone. Anywhere that you can record words and be a writer. Because that’s what a good writer does, you write.There are many different writing softwares to use for your virtual writing space.Personally, I prefer to outline, mindmap, prewrite with a good old-fashioned pen and paper. But I know many writers who prefer to do their prewriting in a Google Doc, on Scrivener, Microsoft Office 365 or in a similar space online. Be sure that no matter where you decide to write that you are free from distractions and that you write. Once you have your prewriting done, then you can move into creating a first draft.Google DocsThis is when I generally switch over from pencil and paper to an electronic format. I open up my Google Doc and I make an electronic version of my outline. This is important, because then I can quickly move from place to place in my document. After I outline on my Google Doc, I move into writing out sentences. At this point, I don’t necessarily worry about whether or not I am writing cohesive sentences, I just get words on the paper, because I am doing what writers do- they write.As Ray Bradbury says, â€Å"Quantity makes up for quality.†Microsoft WordIf you’re not a Google Docs person, there are other tools out there that you can use to capture your words electronically.The most well-known is Microsoft Word.This is great if you always have access to it, which is possible with Office 365, but for me, Google Docs works better.ScrivenerScrivener is another tool that you can use to capture all your ideas, outlines, and planning in one place. The best thing about this is that it’s web-based, so you access it anywhere that you have access to the internet. Most writers that use this tool absolutely love it- so let us know if you have it and you love it.Finally, if you’re driving and have ideas come to you, you can capture them with a speech-to-text app and then transfer them to a word processing docu ment later.This is particularly useful, as I often have ideas come to me when I am traveling. Do not let the excuse of â€Å"I don’t have a writing space† hold you back from writing, because with very few tools (most are free or minimal cost), you have a writing space or a location to write.Writing Spaces Tips for BeginnersSetting up a writing space is not always easy, but you know you want to write and you need to have a space to do what writers do: write! So here are some tips to help you.#1 Use your at-home writing space for writingYou wouldn’t take a bath in the kitchen sink, right?Right! Don’t use your writing space for other activities only use it for writing.â€Å"But I only have one computer where else do I go to get on Facebook, watch YouTube, or pay my bills?†I am guessing that if you’re like my family, you have a mobile computer a laptop, a surface, an iPAD, or something similar. For the purpose of writing at-home, make sure t hat the device goes to the designated spot you have set up for that.Then move when you’re not writing.When we move to specific places to accomplish a task, our brains engage in those tasks and we are able to focus on doing what writers do write.#2 Block out noise with headphonesYou will be distracted. If you’re writing at home and have children, your kids will distract you. If you’re writing at a coffee shop, there will be other customers (hey, you want coffee shops to have customers that’s what keeps them in business and gives you a space to write).Invest in some headphones. Our brains can process doing other things with music or white background noise. Create some by tuning into your favorite playlist.I personally find meditation music especially helpful for this.#3 Set a timerEquip your writing space with a timer. I, personally, usually have enough self-discipline to use my phone as a timer, but I love my Google Home Mini for this too.Simply say, â€Å"Hey Google Set timer for 25 minutes.† Twenty-five minutes is my magic number to get a lot of words written in a relatively short amount of time.#4 Write in the same place, at the same timeWhether you write as a part of your morning writing routine, when you get home from work, or some other time of day, write in the same place at the same time.That’s why it’s important for you to have some kind of writing space even if it’s only the corner of the table.#5 Write when inspiration hits tooKeep a dedicated writing space, but don’t forget about diving into the spontaneity of writing also.That’s why I keep my Google Doc app on my phone. I can make brief notes and then splice them together into coherent sentences later.Writing Space Tips from Famous AuthorsThe advice from almost any best-selling author is to always be ready to write anywhere. You never know where inspiration will hit, so always have something to record your thoughts. J.K . Rowling also says, â€Å"I can write anywhere.† Jodi Picoult says â€Å"I can write anywhere.† E.B. White, author of Charlotte’s Web, â€Å"A writer who waits for ideal conditions under which to work will die without putting a word on paper.†So don’t wait until you have the perfect space prepared to start writing. Just start writing, because that’s what writers do write.Writing Space Tips to Get You StartedFind a device a laptop, a computer, a phone, a notepad, a notebook, a journal to record your thoughts. Then do what writers do write.Do not wait until you can make your writing area perfect or until inspiration hits to write. Write right now. Because that’s what writers do, they write.That’s right! All you need for a writing space is a dedicated space to write and the desire to put one word in front of another and you’ve created your writing space, so write on, my friend.For additional tips on setting up a home o ffice or working from home, be sure to check out How to Successfully Work from Home (Habits, Handling Distractions, And The Ultimate Office Setup video created by Chandler Bolt.Are You Ready to Get Started Today?Publishing your book is SO CLOSE.If your ready to get started, check out this free training to help you write, market, and publish your book within 90 days!

Article Critique Regarding Cognitive Effects of Risperidone Assignment

Article Critique Regarding Cognitive Effects of Risperidone - Assignment Example The assignment "Article Critique Regarding Cognitive Effects of Risperidone" talks about the study regarding the cognitive effects of risperidone in children with autism and irritable behavior. By doing the research, the authors sought to answer particular questions. The questions included the possible effects of the drugs on children suffering from autism and those exhibiting irritable behaviors. Additionally, the authors asked the nature and extent of the drug. From the systematic questions, the objective of the study was, therefore, was to explore the effects that the drugs have on the cognitive processes of the children with autism and irritable behavior patterns. The authors test the hypothesis that risperidone has particular effects on the cognitive processes of children with autism and irritable behavior. In analyzing the variables, the authors employ ANOVA, a statistical test that enables the authors to analyze the means of several groups. ANOVA test is appropriate in this context since the authors anticipate varied effects on the various groups of the research subjects. The article employed appropriate statistical analysis techniques including the ANOVA test. The authors selected thirty-eight children and assigned them to the drugs randomly. They developed an effective placebo-controlled parallel group to control the findings. They tested various aspects of the cognitive processes in the children including verbal learning, sustained attention and hand-eye coordination.

Criminology theory (explain how conflict theory accounts for criminal Essay

Criminology theory (explain how conflict theory accounts for criminal behavior) See instruction - Essay Example (FSU) All the while the lawful privileges of poor people may be overlooked. (FSU)The white collar classes are likewise co-picked; they agree with the elites rather the poor, supposing they may themselves ascent to the top by supporting existing conditions. (FSU) In this manner, street crimes, even minor financial ones are routinely rebuffed and dealt with extreme punishment, while big financial as well as business wrongdoings are dealt with considerably much more permissively. (FSU) Burglary of a TV may accept a more drawn out sentence than taking millions through illicit business hones. William Chambliss, in a fantastic article The Saints and the Roughnecks analyzed the conclusions for two gatherings of juvenile misbehavers. (FSU)The main, a more level class gathering of young men, was nagged by the neighborhood police and named by instructors as delinquents and future criminals, while the upper-working class young men were similarly degenerate, yet their activities were composed off as energetic indiscretions and taking in encounters. (FSU) Various different mixtures of conflict theory have showed up since the 1960s. These incorporate radical feminism, left realism and peacemaking criminology. The last two are endeavors to tone down a portion of the talk, and present a more adjusted methodology. (FSU) Radical feminism concentrates on the predicament of ladies under free enterprise. Male command has been the standard, and ladies have been liable to it in the home and working environment, and in addition in the city. Radical womens activist criminologists have taken a gander at the vile medicine of female teenagers, who are substantially all the more as often as possible subject to regulation for status offense violations (offenses that would not be criminal if a grown-up, for example, fleeing from home, and especially singled out for sexual abnormality. While far from home or work alone, ladies

Interview Assignment Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Interview Assignment - Research Proposal Example 9) Do you think some people do misuse conformity in any way 10) How would you define conforming behaviour 11) Do you think you use conformity to get your own way 12) Do you feel like you have conformed in any way throughout this interview/ questionnaire Information Sheet Title of Study: A research interview project on gender Name and Address of Researcher/Email/Phone Number Stephanie Spencer StephanieSpencer14@hotmail.com 07886 380937 Thank you for taking the time to read the Information Sheet and considering taking part in my study. What is the purpose of the study To help me with my research assignment about 'Gender' Why have I been chosen to take part I have chosen you to be a participant in my study because you are a Psychology Student at Manchester Metropolitan University, Cheshire. Do I have to take part No- it is not compulsion to take part in the interview. Your participation in the evaluation is voluntary. You may discontinue at anytime, without prejudice. What will happen to me if I take part Participating in the study will require a short interview about 'Gender'. The interview will be tape-recorded and will be heard by myself only. The tape will be solely for the purpose of research with the ethical standards of confidentiality. If you wish, the tape can be destroyed at any time. What are the possible disadvantages of taking part You may be required to give up 20 minutes of your time. What are the possible advantages of taking part You will be helping me a great deal with my assignment and university work. What are the possible risks of taking part There are no risks identified when you participate. Will my taking part in the study be kept confidential You will not be identified in any way in any report or publication...For one, the interviewee should be aware how long the interview is supposed to take so that he can organize it against his or her day's commitments. It discusses on the first steps that are supposed to be considered before one schedule an interview such as requesting the interviewee about the interview, scheduling it according his or her availability and then getting a consent from the interviewer in case one is to record the proceeding of the interview in a tape recorder. A well organised interview will be a success since it will run smoothly as scheduled and finally achieve its objectives. The area that I will explore in my interview assignment is gender. I will interview on what people do understand by the term conformity. The preparation involves the preparation of the interview questions to ask the interviewee and identification of the best interviewee to invite who is in a position to discuss this issue properly. Participating in the study will require a short interview about 'Gender'. The interview will be tape-recorded and will be heard by myself only. The tape will be solely for the purpose of research with the ethical standards of confidentiality. If you wish, the tape can be destroyed at any time. The chairs should be arranged not facing one another and they should be of the same size to bring calm and equality dur

Power distance

Power distance So you want to do business abroad and actually make a profit? Dont forget to ask yourself this: What do I know about the culture? To explain the biggest differences between cultures in this essay we are going to use a method developed by Geert Hofstede (geert-hofstede.com) using his four dimensions; Power distance, masculinity/ femininity, individualism/ collectivism and uncertainty avoidance. With this we will explain the difference between the Dutch culture and the cultures of India and Italy when doing business. Power Distance What Is Power Distance? Power distance measures how much the less powerful members of institutions and organizations expect and accept that power is distributed unequally. In cultures with low power distance, people expect and accept power relations that are more consultative or democratic. In cultures with high power distance, the less powerful accept power relations that are autocratic or paternalistic. Power Distance In India And The Netherlands With a population of over 1 billion it is hard to describe life in India because the Indian people have many different religious, regional, cultural, social, and educational variations in structural and functional patterns of family life, making it hard to generalize. However because the majority of Indians are Hindu, we will primarily focus on the Hindu way of life. India has a high power distance; it scores a 77 on the index. While the Netherlands only scores a 38 with around 16 million people. India is a very interesting country to look at because they have ‘used the caste system ¹ for a long time. With that, they automatically create a massive distance between the highest members of the caste: Brahmins (priests) and the lowest members of the caste the pariah (outcasts, â€Å"untouchables†) there are a total of 5 levels in the caste system and each of the people in a lower caste listen to members of the caste above their own. This makes equality, like in the Netherlands, impossible. This because the social position of a person is determined by heredity, for example if you are born a pariah you will never be a Brahmin and you are expected to life your life in the caste, making it your social group as well. Although the system was officially abolished it continues to play a crucial role in Indian society. Family Life A Joint Family is an extended family arrangement prevalent among Hindus of the Indian subcontinent, consisting of many generations living under the same roof. All the male members are blood relatives and all the women are mothers, wives, unmarried daughters, or widowed relatives. However in the last couple of years the people in the urban areas of India seem to have been shifting more towards a nuclear family household (consisting of 2 parents and children) School/ Education In India higher educations are more like the western European way of teaching, so the power distance is not extremely large in the schools, Teachers are however expected to lecture the students. It has been like this since India was a British colony and it keeps improving towards the level of equality which we are experiencing in Holland right now. However, in India the respect for most of the teachers is higher than the respect students in Holland show towards the teachers. Work/ Business As said before the Indian culture prefers a high power distance, in business there will be a large structural difference between the boss of a company and an employee, splitting them by so many layers that they will rarely or never actually talk to each other. And if they do it would be very formal. Also its necessary to avoid forum like situations where you as a manager ask the ‘lower ranking employees for feedback or advice because this will be seen as weak leadership. Opposed to Holland where we consider it a good thing when managers come to us for our opinions. The State The state consists of many layers in India though it is somewhat similar to the political system in the UK. In India, a persons time is valued based on power. A high-power individual must never be kept waiting. In India, a high-power individual can and will demonstrate their power by keeping a lower power individual waiting. In the Netherlands this is just not acceptable. Power Distance In Italy And The Netherlands Italy scores a 50 on the power distance index of Hofstede which puts it somewhere in the middle worldwide. According to Hofstedes dimensions Italy looks a lot like Germany in. Italy was the pinnacle of European development in the early days (Roman Empire). Italians still seem to expect a lot of differences in power between people. They would say the boss in a company should act like he/she is the boss. Family Life The Italian family is important. Grandparents, aunts uncles and cousins are often invited to share family celebrations and Sunday dinners. The family members do not usually live near each other. When children grow up, they usually live in the house until they marry. Sometimes the children would move in to help their parents. The father is always the head of the family. Friends of the family are also a very big part of Italian society. School/ Education In Italy the schools are even more similar to Holland, you are allowed to question the teachers as long as you do it with the proper amount of respect. The teachers will however have a lecture prepared. Work/ Business Power distance in Italian companies is not extremely really high because a lot of the businesses there are family businesses, nonetheless communication at the office is formal and subordinates are rarely allowed to call their superiors by their first name. The boss of the company is really the boss and he/she should be treated with a lot of respect. Good manners and courtesy are prized qualities in Italy. When doing business in Italy ensure your conduct is always polished. There are etiquettes and protocols for many social and business situations; however, it is important to remember that Italians rate considerateness above behavioral formulas. When you are meeting and departing, always shake hands. This is valid for both individuals and groups. When you do business in Italy, you dress to impress. It is no coincidence that Versace, Gucci, Prada and Dolce Gabbana are all Italian fashion houses. Italians like to make an impression with their clothes. What you wear speaks volumes about the kind of person you are. The State Italians are often cynical about persons in positions of authority. Italians love to ridicule authority and people in positions of power. Breaking petty rules is a source of amusement for many Italians. Individualism And Collectivism What Is Individualism And Collectivism? In relation to Hofstedes cultural dimension study, Individual/ Collectivism will be determined. The meaning of individualism expresses exactly a nation, which do care for him/ herself and his/ her direct family. The word â€Å"I† is a very important factor in this form of life, which is completely different in a form of collectivism. This attitude to life shows that these people care about their whole in-group which includes family, friends, uncles, aunts and grandparents. The word â€Å"we† has obviously a higher meaning to them. Hofstedes charts visualize that countries with high power distance (PDI) belong to the collectivists and countries with low power distance belong to the individualists. According to Hofstede individualism countries have the tendency to be a rich. Countries in a collectivism country have most likely the opposite tendency. Individualism And Collectivism In India And The Netherlands A comparison between India and The Netherlands gives a good impression and shows the differences between those two countries. First of all it is important to have a look at Hofstedes charts. India scores, according to Hofstedes, power distance (PDI) as its highest points for cultures, with a ranking of 77 compared with a world average of 56.5. This fact shows a clearly result of a collectivism country, which India is. It makes itself felt in terms of friendships, which were chosen by their parents, not having conflicts, by being indirect or sharing the income if someone has a good job for example. It absolutely represents the loyalty of the in-group members. As a counter-example The Netherlands will be represented. In opposite to India, Holland scores its highest points in the category individuality (IDV), which is 80 points and ties Canada as the fourth highest worldwide IDV ranking. Some examples to clarify the culture are being very direct, let the children choose friends whoever they want or spend their money however they think it will be right. These facts enunciates that Holland doesnt have this in-group attitude like India but rather the absolutely priority to their immediate family. At school children from India see the teacher as a higher person, whatever the teacher says is right without to question it, which shows that they are depending on their teacher. Furthermore it is normal to focus on a social network, where the synonym â€Å"we† more important than â€Å"I†. Dutch children are joining a completely different way of getting taught in school. It is more important to learn how to develop their own abilities, to be independent and learn how to discuss problems. They also expect the teacher to know everything with every detail. The next part relates to work and business in India. Since they have in-groups it is not normal to work with people who are not part of their in-group. It is very common that the children from India start to work in their fathers, or uncles business. Otherwise they wont find another job because in a collectivist country they are so depended on their in-group. Dutch people raise their children to work at a place wherever and whatever they like. Its more important for them to let them pick up their own experience and realize their dreams. This is the logical way of thinking for individual countries. In addition it promotes the economy to have people who are independent. The final aspect is about the states in individualism/ collectivism countries. Since India is a part of collectivists it is to say that there are more differences between poor people and rich people. Further the human rights are lower than those ones from individualist countries. In contrast The Netherlands which belongs to the individualists are more equal regarding the differences between poor and rich people. It is very important to have the same human rights like every single person in the country. Equality has different meaning for those two mentioned countries. Individualism And Collectivism In Italy And The Netherlands The comparison between Italy and The Netherlands will show the differences between those countries. It is important to take a closer look at Hofstedes charts. It shows Italys highest score, which is about 71 points â€Å"Individualism† and shows the similarity between Holland and Italy. Italy is an individualist country, like The Netherlands, but its Power distance (PDI) is also high. Family life is important for Italians, not just the immediate family, but also uncles, aunts and grandparents play a big role in the childrens life, which shows the differences to comparing to Holland. Sons from Italy leave their parents house in their 20s which is pretty much same like in The Netherlands. Furthermore children are supposed to tell the truth, even if it hurts. This is a typical attribute of individualist thinking countries, which Dutch and Italian people are. They also get raised as independent children with personal opinion because this could useful for a successful life. In those two mentioned country the school and education is pretty much the same. Pupils or students have to be independent, competitive and they are supposed to determine their own goals. It is very common to discuss issues in the class without being silent, so they can develop their skills. Work and business is also a similar matter between Italy and The Netherlands. They are highly educated business people and make business with foreign countries. Employees and employers are committed to contracts which show the human rights, but there is law that people can get laid off, or they could quit the job. The last aspect is about the state and in this point those two countries are also pretty much similar. Human rights are very high, education is important and everyone has his privacy. In conclusion individualist countries appreciate the individual interests and do not deal with collectivism.   Masculinity And Femininity In India and The Netherlands Hofstedes dimension masculinity pertains to societies in which gender roles are clearly distinct. That means, men has to be assertive, competitive and have to air toughness while women stand for nurturance. They are responsible for the household and the children. High earnings and status symbols present a certain social standing for the man. One gets the recognition deserved while doing a good job and is allowed to reach a higher level in his job. In feminine societies these gender roles overlap. Both, men and women are suppose to be modest (both, men and women have the same rights but also the same duties) both parts focus on their relationship and they are also more concerned to the quality of life. With a ranking at 56, the masculinity of India is with the world average just slightly lower at 51. A high rank means that the country is a masculine country. The lower it is, the lower is the masculinity and goes more to femininity. You also can see that India is a masculine country on different examples in Family Life The man is the head of the family. He is the one, who makes the decisions. Who says what to do. Children are obedient towards their parents. Younger children have to listen to the older children. The man is more dominant than the woman. The woman takes care of the household and the children. Whereas women are going to shop for food, household and clothes, the men are looking for cars, a house or things and objectives, which are standing for status. Even when the trend goes more femininity, step by step, traditions like a marriage portion are still common, in rural areas. The woman has to give money which depends of the family earning to marry the man. However, not always the woman (wife) has to do what the husband says. India consists of a lot traditions and one of them is, that the wife has to follow the instructions of the mother of her husband for the first few years. Even when both genders are equal, rightly, the woman is still undervalued. It is not rare that the girls get less or qualitative less food than the boys because the boys have to get strong for hard work, which a girl is not able to do. That is the reason why girls get more jobs like home helpers and get married early. In comparing to the Netherlands which occupy a score of 14 points rank 72, this country is very feminine. Men and woman are modest and focus on their relationship. Both shop for food and both discuss which car to buy. They do not have one dominant â€Å"leader† of the family both act non- dominant. School/ Education Indias school-systems are free for the grades from one till five. However, more boys go to school than girls. Girls are going to marry early, so they let them work and send the boys to school. An example what makes it visible is, that 48% of the Indians over fifteen cannot read and write. 62, 3% of women and 34, 5% of men are illiterates. The education is also more masculine because the pupils or students try to make them visible in class and compete openly with each other. Job choices are strongly guided by perceived career opportunities. The best student is the norm; failing in school would be a disaster. The atmosphere of ego boosting is exiting, the best one wins. Indian children try to learn jobs where they can make money. The Netherlands have more students which present the average. Failing in school is not the end of the world and they learn jobs, basic on their talent and what they like. They underrate their own performance, they do not want to appear too eager and it is okay when the teacher is also just a â€Å"human† and do not know everything. Work/ Business Most of the time, even when it changes in the big cities and step by step also all over the country, the men are working and earn the money for their families. One fourth of the population lives under the poverty line. They live for the work whereas in the Netherlands the people work to live. That means that money and status are not so important like the leisure time. The Indians work in a competitive atmosphere, the higher the position, the better is the money and their status. Only the best are successful in the hard business. The State The state is a performance society. You will be paid for that what you accomplish. The more you can the higher is the earning. The higher the earning is the higher is your status in society. In the Netherlands it is quite different, the community is more important. The solidarity is higher; people help more each other and also the weaker ones. India focuses a lot to the growth in economy, more than in the Netherlands. Masculinity And Femininity In Italy And The Netherlands Italy counts over 60 points and stands on rank 52 in the index from Hofstede but only for the European countries. Italy is also a masculine society but not so high like India. Italy is less masculine but more feminine than India but not so feminine like the Netherlands. Family Life Women expect men to get the leadership in family life and earn the money for the family. Gender roles are also clearly distinct here. The woman is responsible for the family and especially for the household and the man is making career. Children suppose to be obedient, whereas the boys should be tough and the girls more emotional. Most of the time the father is dominant but it is not unusual when there are non-dominant partners in a relationship. Family is very important and children are their future. Parents try to give their children the best perspective and are always around them; often the â€Å"bambinis† sit on the table till late in the evening. The parents take very care of the children and control them also a lot what they are doing. It is normal, that fights are sometimes loud and the Italians also like to make jokes and do not care when the neighbor or strangers hear it whereas love is not shown to the outside. Often a fight between a man and woman sound hard for a n on-Italian but that is their mentality and normally after five minutes all is forgotten. Men are often seen like machos but it is unusual that parents have a divorce. School/ Education The teachers are authority persons to the students but the communication is still friendly and the teachers also make jokes. It is very important that the Italian students pass school with high grades. Often they learn till late in the evening and the parents still control them to repeat the homework and if they understand well. The education is more masculine than in the Netherlands, failing in school or not passing a test is a disaster whereas the Dutch students are more comfortable and they just need to pass, independent from the grade. According to this fact, teachers in the Netherlands, take more attention to weaker students and try to push them by giving them attention, than openly praise the good students. The students are decent in their CVs, whereas in Italy, they sell themselves in interviews to show they are the best. The Netherlands are a permissive society in which the environment should be preserved as small is beautiful. Furthermore the government depends on a coalition between different parties and women are more often elected than in Italy and India. Work/ Business Usually the woman take care of the family and the men is going to work. However women also work, but the earnings of the men are most of the time higher and the high positions are often occupied by the men. Money is important, men like to show their status with cars for example but leisure time and spending time with their families is also important. You cannot really define if it is more masculine or more feminine. It is more feminine than in India but still more masculine than in the Netherlands. The State The community is important, Italy has solidarity. They care about the weak people in the population and aid also a lot of financially help to poor countries. The country is a community and they represent it to the outside. Uncertainty Avoidance What Is Uncertainty Avoidance? The term uncertainty avoidance denotes how members of a culture deal with unknown or ambiguous situations. Cultures with high uncertainty avoidance try to avoid such uncertainties. Members of other cultures maybe experience equal situations as uncertain or chaotic as well, but respond more relaxed and unstressed. Each country has got own rituals and values how they deal with punctuality, formalities and religious affairs. Cultures with a high certainty avoidance index (UAI) are more prepared to evade risks than cultures with a low UAI. The higher the score of the UAI is, the higher the need of people to have laws and regulations which give them a guideline and a feeling of private and public security. High uncertainty avoidance sentiment can be summarized as â€Å"What is different is dangerous.† However, the weakest uncertainty avoidance sentiment can be summarized on the contrary as â€Å"What is different is curious.† In Italy the uncertainty avoidance and individualism/ collectivism are the highest scores, adequate the four dimensions of Geert Hofstede with a value of 75 on the index. It is clear to see that Italy has one of the highest scores at all. On the other hand there are the Netherlands with a relative low UAI amount of 53 which is almost the mean of 39 countries. Uncertainty Avoidance Italy And Netherlands Family Life Because of the high score Italy has achieved, one can see that the family life seems to be as more stressful as in the Netherlands. In the early stages Italian children learn the difference between dirty and clean and between safe and dangerous. They make more experiences with law and rules and know soon what they are allowed to do and what not. Italian mothers and nannies would never allow to see their children in dirt or danger. It is common that family has a very great significance in Italy. In contrast to Italian families Dutch families are quite different. They are more relaxed about that and let their children make experiences on their own. Dutch dont care about their health as the Italian do. Example: Dutch people dont ask for a doctor or a medical certification if they are ill. Often they are already satisfied with the view of a nurse. Religion plays a pretty important role in the Italian family life. 90% of all Italian inhabitants are Roman Catholic. This huge number shows one that they have great Christianity. Religion gives them some sort of security, confidence and for several people a guideline. Health and keeping good are also important things Italian care about. Unlike Italy Holland is not that religious. Nearly half of all Dutch people are atheists. School / Education In Italy there is high uncertainty avoidance. In such countries it is pretty important for the students to believe in that a teacher knows almost everything. The students want to know right answers in detail and the teachers are supposed to have all the answers. In the Netherlands it is quite different. Teachers are rather considered as advisers. The students just want to have good conversation and discussion with the teacher and they dont have problems if a teacher says â€Å"I dont know†. Italians are almost the same as the German and favored a structured and detailed assignments. Work / Business In work life one can see that Italian employees and managers look for long-term employment. In contrast to Italy the Dutch people are short-term orientated and more flexible. If they are dissatisfied with their job they have no problem with looking for another job. Besides the Italian employees and managers favor a well structured and organized work process that they would not confronted with any problems. Many Italian prefer to do business they already know. Example: Italians prefer to know something about an individual before they speak with the person on the phone. Thus, in business one should send an introductory fax and follow-up with a phone call. The State One reason why Italy is scared of the unknown is because it is a very old cultural country that has survived many economical changes, wars and political upheavals. These facts might have bred in Italians a greater anxiety of the unknown. In Italy a mass of laws and rules are the result of uncertainty avoidance. It gives a feeling of security and also it can be seen as a guideline. In Holland there are not that much laws and rules. They think that laws and rules should be established just in case of necessity. Furthermore they believe that many problems can be solved without any laws. The Netherlands have just a few laws and rules to avoid the uncertainty, although the government and the regulation system is very well developed. If there is a law that is not working, the Dutch government would change or withdraw it easily and quickly. The fact that Italy has so many laws and regulations is that many people are not interested in politics. In contrast the Dutch people are very intereste d in politics, because there not many laws, so they are not overloaded by them. For example, Dutch people ask, why there is a change in ordinance. Uncertainty Avoidance India And Netherlands Family life Based on Hofstedes scale Indias UAI is the lowest of the three countries we have to compare. India scores a 40 on the index. This value makes clear that the inhabitants have the least fear of the uncertain. But its quite hard to generalize, because there are many variations in the different patterns of life. One reason for this fact may be that a large part of the inhabitants grow up under the poverty line. Indian are born in the caste system which forms their guideline, therefore they have another way of feeling of losing a job. Mostly they live with a large amount of family members in one house. Their religion, beliefs and rituals are important attempts to avoid uncertainty in the present and in the oncoming life. Approximately 80% of all Indian inhabitants are Hindu. But in Holland it is very different. In Holland religion is not that import as in India or in Italy because there are almost 45% atheists. School / Education Indians who live under the poverty line probably dont fear to have no school education because the most of them grow up without education at all. But for middle class parents it is important that their children get an academic achievement, because its a direct step to achieve prestige and a better status. Another point is that the dutch pupils dont mind what credits they get. They are just interested in whether they passed or not. Work / Business In countries like India people only work hard if there is a need for it, but they also love to relax. So time is not an ever-present concern for them. Furthermore they live day to day, so one can see that they are very similar to the Dutch because they are both short-term orientated. Day to day can also mean that they fight to survive day after day. The State Indian politics are nearly the same as the British. Since its a bicameral system there are multiple parties. A big difference between the British and Indian system is that in India there are political parties that address, only certain groups in the caste system. And with that they create a certain kind of certainty for the people in the caste. Conclusion After our detailed investigation, about how the four dimensions of Hofstede affect the different countries, we can give some marketing and general advices for doing business in India, Italy and the Netherlands. In contrast to The Netherlands, India and Italy are both masculine countries. For example someone wants to publish a new product especially for woman like a magazine. In the Netherlands it wouldnt be difficult to bring such product on the market because its a feminine society. Nobody would have a problem with the content mentioned in the magazine. In India or Italy it might be more problematic. In India the men would object against magazines like this because the society is directed to males being the higher authority. The men have a big influence on decisions being made. The society status is very important for the family. In The Netherlands it doesnt matter who makes the decisions mainly its good for the family. Generally you have to invest a lot of time and effort in order to build up serious and long-term business relationships in Italy but even more in India. Therefore you (as a business man from abroad) should never try to talk about business straight from the beginning. But rather focus on building a relationship, in most cultures on the world people need to trust each other first before they can do business with each other. Work on that relationship and you will have a good business partner who will always prefer you over the loud screaming cheaper company. In the end, the failure to communicate on the intercultural market will result in the failure of your business as an international company. Always take cultural differences into account. Sources Cultural and Organizations – Software of the Mind http://www.globalvolunteers.org/italy/italy_people1.asp http://www.geert-hofstede.com http://www.wikipedia.org/ clearlycultural.com http://www.cyborlink.com/besite/italy.htm Uncertainty avoidance table Caste System india Hofstedes Dimensions for each country

Humorous Wedding Speech - Written Guidelines from the Bride

Humorous Wedding Speech - Written Guidelines from the Bride Good evening Ladies and Gentlemen - I must inform you that I’ve had quite a heavy night and I’m still feeling a little fragile. So please spare a thought and try not to clap too loudly during my speech because I’ve got a dreadful hangover and a splitting headache. You’d think I’d know better than to be out drinking in the early hours of the morning the night before a big wedding - but David’s a good friend (mate) and he needed some company. Now, I'm sure a number of the guys here today have been a best man at a wedding before, but I wonder how many of you have ever received written guidelines from the bride to be? Before I go any further, I'd like to explain that two weeks ago I received this email from Phylis: I was very pleased when David asked you to be best man at our wedding. I knew that by selecting you, he ha...

Importance of Strategic Planing and Management Paper

Importance of Strategic Planning and Management in the Business Paper Artim Toska Bus 475 March 29, 2010 Introduction This paper will describe a small business I may want to start, define strategic management and planning, and explain why a strategic plan would be important to the success of this business. Also, it will explain the four functions of management relative to creating and implementing a strategic plan. Strategic management & Planning In a competitive business world, it is important to have your business prosper for it to overcome the challenges it may encounter. The direction (and future) of a small business has extreme challenges in an economy that lags, but can be overcome with the right strategic mananagent ideas and planning. A small business that I would like to start would be a financial business that would provide short-term capital to small working and expanding companies. I believe this business would provide profits in an economy that has been ailing small businesses. Small businesses would welcome my services since they can not (or find it difficult) to finance their business when banks are not giving them the capital they need to remodel or have their business survive. Strategic management is planning your business at the highest possible level. This would be the duty of the company’s leader (or leaders) to focus on building a solid structure to that business (All business, 2010). This â€Å"structure† will be â€Å"hinged† on the effort of each employee that is hired. Also, strategic management helps answer what are the objectives of the business, the best procedure in achieving these objectives, and what are the resources that are needed to make that happen (All business, 2010). Strategic planning determines the direction that an organization will be eaded over the next year or more, and how it will arrive there (McNamara, 2010). Usually, the process is throughout the organization and focuses on a major function as division, department, or other important functions. A strategic plan includes several levels (or steps) in the process (the order of these levels can be orientated towards the satisfactory of the organization for s uccess). One can view strategic planning as strategic analysis. This would include a review of the organizations environment (economical, social, technical†¦ ). Also, establishing a strategic direction is a major activity in strategic planning. Organizers would conclude what the company needs to do with the issues and opportunities that are facing the organization (McNamara, 2010). This would include what â€Å"strategic goals† the company needs to achieve, and â€Å"methods† to achieve accomplishments. Also, action planning can be looked as strategic planning. Action planning helps view how strategic goals will be attained, and includes specifying objective results with each strategic goal (McNamara, 2010). Strategic Plan & Success A strategic plan would be important to the success of my business because it would form the company’s strategy and communicate it through the organization for implementation. This implementation would help provide the company’s mission and reason for being (this would be expressed though a mission statement). This would help the company’s image with customers. Also, it would help shape the company brand and how to distribute that successfully to consumers. Also, a strategic plan would help the company adapt an â€Å"earnings growth† that will be monitored for sustainability in growth (it would help to establish what businesses to target). Also, the plan would help in the success of the business by establishing a marketing scheme. This would help explain to potential customers how the business would provide financial aid to their business that is in need of our service, with their economical and social environment (it would entail us as a â€Å"life line† for a business that is struggling and in need of help). Four Functions of Management The four functions of management are important in creating and implementing a successful strategic plan. The four functions of management are planning, organizing, leading, and controlling (Rothbauer-Wanish, 2009). Planning helps create in a strategic plan what are the organizations goals, and how those goals can be achieved (developing objectives for the goal and monitoring on the execution of the plan are essential in the planning). Also, organizing helps implement a successful strategic plan by helping me know the amount of employees needed to provide the success of the business (Rothbauer-Wanish, 2009). Leading helps implement a strategic plan by my motivation to employees that will help in their performance. Also, controlling helps implement a successful strategic plan by monitoring company’s goals the organization want to achieve. Conclusion This paper defined strategic management and planning, explained why a strategic plan would be important to the success of this business, and explained the four functions of management relative to creating and implementing a strategic plan. Resources All Business, (2010). What is Strategic Management? Retrieved March 29, 2010, from http://www. allbusiness. com/management/2975129-1. html McNamara, C. (2010). Basic Descriptions of Strategic Planning. Retrieved March 29, 2010, from http://managementhelp. org/plan_dec/str_plan/basics. htm Rothbauer-Wanish, H. (2009). Four Functions of Management. Retrieved March 29, 2010, from http://businessmanagement. suite101. com/article. cfm/four_functions_of_management

Globalization & Technology essays

Globalization & Technology essays The world must run in an orderly fashion. Without order and peace, the world would be in crumbles. Every country has its own government, whether it is ruled by the people or by a tyrant and every country has its own set of laws in which they must abide by. The government establishes the laws to keep the peace. The establishing of the law could be endangered if it only benefits one particular group and not the other. The relationship between the government and the big business is that these big businesses are persuading the government to establish laws that will only benefit themselves. These corporations give these electives money to support their campaigns, only to have them side on certain topics of interest to their corporation. Their biggest concerns may be opposition to unions, high taxes, and government regulations ( Finsterbusch 193). Those large corporations are trying to find the best solution of raising profits and keeping the cost of productivity down. McDonaldized corporations are building a company with efficiency, calculability, predictability, and control (Ritzer 12). People today are in such a hurry that they want something fast and efficient; these corporations are offering these kinds of services, which make them popular. The restaurants known as McDonalds was constructed to have people come in and out without lingering too long. With their profit ability, they are able to cancel out human error by replacing in soda machines that automatically stops themselves from overflowing and a basket that holds the fries that times itself to keep it from burning. Along with these technologies and minimum wage workers, McDonalds is able to cut the cost of productivity for a more profitable return of income. For all these corporations to become more profitable, they must use more resources. With the using of resources comes the responsibility of taking better care of the environment. Accor...

Aloe essays

Aloe essays Aloe (Agave) is a genus of plant that has more than 150 species. Agave is native to South Africa but has been brought to America and is best-known here as American aloe (Agave americana), or century plant. An aloe plant has a short stem, fleshy, lanceolate leaves that form in rosettes at the end of each stem, and red or yellow tubular flowers in dense clusters. The different species of aloe differ in size from a few centimeters to more than thirty feet. The plant only blooms one time between the ages of ten and twenty-five. When it finally does bloom, the plant grows a long stalk that grows rapidly up to about fourty foot. The aloe plant is very helpful in making many medicines. The plant is ninety-six percent water and the rest contains active ingredients including essential oil, amino acids, minerals, vitamins, enzymes and glycoproteins. Powered aloe juice (sap) is a laxative. Modern healers have used it since the 1930's. Many liquid health treatments are made, some combining aloe juice with other plants and herbs. The juice is soothing to digestive tract irritations, such as colitis and peptic ulcers. Aloe vera gel is used to; heal wounds, heal ulcers, and speed up the healing process of burns by putting a protective coating on the As a food supplement, aloe is said to facilitate digestion, aid in blood and lymphatic circulation, as well as kidney, liver and gall bladder functions. Aloe contains at least three anti-inflammatory fatty acids that are helpful for the stomach, small intestine and colon. It naturally alkalizes digestive juices to prevent overacidity - a common cause of indigestion. To make many of the medicines the plant must be crushed or taken apart. Aloe vera gel is made by pulverizing the whole leaves of the plant. Aloe juice is In conclusion, the aloe plant is very helpful in medicine and everyone ...

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California's sex offender registration - Essay Example d a copy of the notification form processed in this stage is also sent to the DOJ. The sex offender tracking program is an expedient tool utilized for keeping track of the sex offenders in California since 1947; the state is also regarded as being the first ever to enact a sex offender registration law. This was major step towards public disclosure of criminals, for many states did not recognize such laws until the 1990s. These registration requirements are lifetime, and with an ever-increasing and current population of 35million people, California is respectively the holder of the largest database of sex offenders in the USA (Lockyer, 2002, 3). This lifelong obligation can only be reversed if the offender a ‘Certificate of Rehabilitation’ ten years after s/he has been released from custody or it can also be relieved if ‘Government’s pardon’ is attained. However, many serious offences are not even eligible to attain the aforementioned relieving docume nts (IPS, 2009, 1). There are certain conditions which must be met duly by the sex offenders, these are the requirements and the guidelines set by the DOJ. It is incumbent upon the registered offenders to update their whereabouts and necessary information per annum, within 5 working days of their birthday. This requirement is more stringent for some, the transients must update every month while the sexually violent predators are extended 90 days worth of time. Recently, they have also been imposed with the responsibility of submitting their vehicle license plate number along with a recent photograph. Since 2002, they have also been required to register themselves with the campus police department in case they plan to enroll in any courses, attend any specific programs or even as much as work. Furthermore, even for people who are sex offenders, if convicted by the military or federal court, of other states but they enter the jurisdiction of Californian state; they are required to reg ister within 5 working days of entering California. Those who fail to register and have been convicted of a felony would be convicted of a felony yet again in case of non-compliance. This tracking program requires regular updates, and if any offender violates the registration requirements, it would show the registrant to be in violation. It is necessary for the transients to update their status within five working days with a local agency, in case they change their address or is homeless; the local agency is then responsible for forwarding the information to the DOJ. The latter then updates the information in the database, on a regular daily basis. The website www.meganslaw.ca.gov is responsible for publishing the data online, however 25% of the offender’s records are kept confidential and are not publicly disclosed, this condition depends on the specific type of crime being committed. According to the information available on this government website, the sex offenders can ev ade public disclosure in the following conditions (Harris, 2009; Department of Justice, 2010): 1- Sexual battery by

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Eddington and Everyday Experience - Essay Example Often though it is something that is lacking a foundational source, the idea, 'it is there because it is' often falls into place, especially in a philosophical sense. For example Arthur Eddington's interpretation of the existence of the world is a key interpretation of this type of thinking. In his following statement it is obvious how he utilizes the areas of philosophy to try and make sense out of the universe surrounding him. "The world, which spontaneously appears around me when I open my eyes," is "a strange compound of external nature, mental imagery, and inherited prejudice". Factual knowledge is not as simple or self-evident as it so often seems to be. Thus, the process of learning cannot be taken for granted. Several different theories of the learning process have been established in Western philosophy and the memes of culture. One of these is Skepticism. Skepticism itself questions everything and places doubt where none should exist. The main message it relays to mankind is one of a negative nature, claiming that man will never reach a heightened sense of knowledge about any certain issue in life or the world in particular (Hooker 1996). So, it is found within the realm of skepticism nothing is for certain and the foundational sustenance of the utilization of epistemologies themselves finds doubt in anything and everything. Although skepticism is admonished by those who don't follow the theorization in behind it, it still shows some crude evidence as to why some doubt so much, in even the simplest of things. The reason for these doubts within this the ory is due to the imperfections of the human mind, which can possibly include: faultiness in reasoning and judgment, poor memory, limited accessibility to an object of scrutiny, a lack in the accuracy of the senses, the possibility of mistaking illusions (such as dreams) for reality, and the possibility of misinformation. The issue then, with skepticism is that it finds fault with everything, even those that take simple, common sense notions where the majority of people would find to be, "self evident". Although scientific people are typically described as taking the sceptical view of a new idea that seems "wild", the scientific method is most accurately rooted in the philosophy of Empiricism. To Empiricists, the senses are indeed highly accurate and, moreover, they are our foremost tool for acquiring knowledge about life, the universe, and everything. In stating "which spontaneously appears around me when I open my eyes", Arthur Eddington indicates that our environment is perceived by our senses. There exists an outside world to which we are only connected through our senses and construct a mental image of it. There exists a disparity between what is perceived to be and what reality essentially is. Even in an ordinary view of the world, it is sometimes dubious if we can rely entirely on our sensory data. Some simple examples are illusions, in which we can not trust our senses since they mislead us to draw odd conclusion. Most Empiricists, however, recognize the existence of a prior i truths, which are those of mathematics and logic. In Eddington's claim of "inherited prejudice", the interpretation of it can go in several directions. Prejudice is neither knowledge nor belief, although it is rooted in the latter. The word prejudice comes from the Latin word